知財金融の考え方と現状
─「 地方創生と知財」を実現するための地域金融機関によるリスクマネー供給のあり方─
IP Finance: It Concept and Current Circumstances A Look at the Provision of Risk Money by Regional Financial Institutions for “Regional Revitalization and Intellectual Property”

渡部 博光
Hiromitsu Watanabe

日本知財学会誌 Vol.12 No.3 p.22-38 (2016-3-20)
Journal of Intellectual Property Association of Japan Vol.12 No.3 p.22-38 (2016-3-20)

＜要旨＞
「日本再興戦略」では，地域金融機関に対し，地域の中小企業の成長性等も踏まえた事業性を評価し，融資や支援を行なうことを求めており，「金融行政方針」「まち・ひと・しごと創生総合戦略」でもその方針がうたわれ，これを受けた地域金融機関による事業性評価への取り組みが活発化している．また，特許庁では，平成26（2014）年度から地域金融機関の事業性評価の支援として，取引先中小企業の「知財ビジネス評価書」を作成する事業を行なっており，これを活用し融資に至った事例なども出始めている．このような動きの中で，事業の競争力の源泉となる技術や知的財産権を事業性評価の中で的確に評価し，融資のリスクの低減や本業の支援などにつなげたいとする，地域金融機関からのニーズも高まりつつある．本稿では，特許庁事業も含めた，地域金融機関による事業性評価への取り組みの背景，現状を紹介した上で，今後の知財金融とその中での評価のあり方について述べている．
<Abstract>
Under “Japan Revitalization Strategy,” regional financial institutions are being asked to evaluate business viability based on the growth potential of regional SMEs and other factors and to provide financing and support accordingly. This same policy is included in the government’s “Financial Administration Policy” and “Comprehensive Strategy for Revitalizing Towns, People, and Work.” Regional financial institutions are accordingly stepping up their efforts to evaluate business viability. Additionally, looking to supporting those evaluations, the Japan Patent Office has been executing an initiative for the preparation of “IP business valuation reports” for institutions’ client SMEs since FY2014. Instances in which this initiative has led to actual financing are beginning to emerge. At the same time, regional financial institutions have growing needs as they attempt to accurately evaluate technologies and IP rights, which are a source of business competitiveness, in terms of business viability and to tie the results to lower financing risk. This paper presents the background and current circumstances of approaches to business viability evaluations by regional financing institutions, including the Japan Patent Office’ s initiative. It then discusses the future of IP finance and the best way of conducting evaluations within it.

＜キーワード＞
知財金融，事業性評価，知財ビジネス評価書
<Keywords>
IP Finance, Business Viability Evaluation, IP Business Valuation Report